Metering pump



y 2, 1940- P. w. ADLER- 2,206,384

METERING PUMP Filed July 6, 1938 Ira. 1

Patented July 2, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METERING PUMP 7 Paul W. Adler, Hollywood Callf. Application July s. 1938. Serial No. 217,896

'1 Claim. This invention relates to a pump and more particularly pertains to a rotary variable ca-.

pacity pump.

An object of the invention is to provide a pump which is so constructed and operated that its capacity may. be readily and accurately varied by a simple adjustment, whereby the volume and pressure of the fluid output of the pump -may be regulated and varied as occasion may require relative to a constant speed of the pumping mechanism and without efiecting variation in such speed. I

Another object is to provide a variable capacity pump in which the output may be gauged with .such accuracy as to obviate the use of flow meters, by-pass valves, supplemental regulating valves. auxiliary speed control, mechanisms. overflows, and similar devices, and whereby use -of rheostats, pressure release control valves; and

indicating meters as commonly employed in conventional pumps for controlling and indicating the flow of discharge from the pump in any given time is dispensed with.

Another object is to provide a safe, reliable and efllcient pump for the metering of various gases or liquids in whatever ratios may be desired.

Another object is to provide a pump embodying a positive out-put control subject to extremely fine vernier action. I

A further object is to provide a pump which embodies few simple parts so formed and operated as to admit of the production of a pump of extremely small capacity and yet be subject to extremely fine control in the volume of its output from nothing to the maximum of its capacity.

With the foregoing objects in view. together with such other objects and advantages as may subsequently appear, the invention is carried into efiect as illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a view in end elevation partly in vertical'section of a duplex rotary pump showing the invention as applied;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail in section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing the pump head with the parts arranged in an idling position;

Fig. 3 is a diagram in section similar to Fig. 2 with the parts disposed in an intermediate position in eifecting a medium pump output;

Fig. 5 is a diagram in section depicting a modified form of the invention; a

Fig. 6 is a plan view 01 the pump structure shown in Fig. 1 as positioned at an angle of ninety degrees relative to the positions shown 5 in Fig. 1, showing the vernier adjustments, and depicting the manner of controlling the operation of the pump.

Referring to the drawing more specifically, A indicates generally a pump casing which may be of any suitable construction, but which is here shown as fitted on the housing B of an electric motor; the casing A being preferably cast integral with the motor housing.

The drive shaft of the motor in the housing B 1 extends into the casing A and is fitted with 'worm wheel 8 which meshes with a worm 9 on a driven shaft l0 .journaled at one end in a bearing ll mounted in the bottom wall of a chamber l2 formed interiorly of the casing A. As here shown,. the pump casing is designed to contain a pair of corresponding pumping mechanisms driven from the worm wheel, only one of which need be shown and described in detail since the parts are complementary.

The upper end of the driven shaft i0 is rigidly connected to an impeller shaft I 4 which leads through and is journaled in a septum I5 covering the chamber I2 and separating the latter from a chamber I! in the upper portion of the casing A. The upper end of the impeller shaft I4 is formed with a cylindrical head I! constituting a rotor which projects above the septum I 5 and is formed with a series of radial slots l8, hereshown as four in numben'and which slots are spaced equidistant apart around the periphery of the head l1 and interconnect with each other at their inner ends. Slidably mounted in the slots iii are vanes IS the inner ends of which terminate in outward spaced relation to the axis 40 of the rotor l0 and which areurged outwardly by springs 20 arranged in the slots i8 and bearing against the inner ends of the vanes.

Encircling the rotor head I1 is a pump housing 2! having a cylindrical recess 22 of a di- 4 ameter exceeding that of the head I! and against the annular side wall surface of which the outer ends of the vanes l9 bear primarily under the urge of the springs 20 when the pump is stationary, but which vanes are maintained in in- 60 common in rotary pumps of the vane type.

The pump housing 2| is formed on one side thereof with an elongated circumferentially extending slot 23 which constitutes an intake opening and is formed in the side wall portion thereof extending opposite the slot 23 with an elongated the volumetric output of, the pump from nothing to maximum according to the various progressive positions in which the pump housing may be disposed relative to the rotor.

Since a very slight alteration in the relative positions of the pump housing and rotor will eflect variations in the pump output the graduations 32 may be arranged to designate extremely flne calibrations.

While the pump structure shown in Figs. 2 to 4 5 5 slot 24 constituting a discharge openin h i may be emp y as a in e n it is here take opening 23 communicating with the chamshown in Figs. 1 and 6 as applied in a dual arber l6 in the housing A and an intake opening rangement in which a pair of the-pump mecha- 26 in the latter with which is connected a fluid nisms are driven from a single motor through the 10 supply pipe 26, and the discharge opening 24 worm wheel 8, and with the pump unit supplied) communicating with an outlet opening 21 in the from a single source of fluid supply through the casing A connecting with a conduit 28 leading to conduit 26 and discharging through separate disany suitable point of discharge. charge conduits 28. With this arrangement,

In carrying out the invention the pump houswhile the worm wheel 8 is driven at a uniform or ing is mounted for adju tmen rel v to the constant speed. the output of either of the pump rotor transversely of h latter Wherebythe units may be varied from nothing to maximum cylindrical recess 22 interiorly of the pump independent of each other. housing may be positioned in concentric relation In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 5 with the axis of the rotor ll, 01 b di p se in the pump housing indicated at 2| is mounted various degrees of eccentricity relative theret for rectilineal movement transverselyof the ro- 20 up to a point w ere the y d cal side wall of tor ll to dispose the cylindrical pump recess 22' th recess 22 contacts the outer periphery of the in various positions of eccentricity relative to the rotor II. This adjustment of the pump housing rotor l1, ranging from a concentric position to 2| may be effected either by mounting the a point of contact between the pump re- 25 housing for rotating movement or mounting it cess side wall and the rotor. As a means for 25 ior rectilineal movement. eflecting rectilineal adjustment of the pump In the preferred embodiment of the invention housing 2| a threaded stem 34 is screwed into thepump housing 2| is mounted for rotary moveengagement with the pump housing 2| and is ment as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, and in the aflixed to a turnable knob 35 journaled in a modification depicted in Fig. 5 is mounted for stationary wall 36 whereby on rotation of the 30 rectilineal mo ement. Where the housing2| is knob 25 the pump housing 2| will be caused designed to be rotated it is fitted with a stem 28 to be advanced or retracted on the threaded stem which projects through a cap plate 30 on the 34 according to the direction of rotation of the casing A in axial alignment with the center 01 latter. The pump housing 2|" is provided with 35 the pump housing 2| and is fitted with a handle suitably arranged intake and discharge openings 35 2| whereby the stem 29 and the housing 2| may 23 and 24 respectively. The rotor I1 is. fitted, be manually turned around its axis to effect with vanes l9 urged outwardly by springs 20'. the required adjustment. in the arrangement It has been found in practice that no discharge shown the axis of rotation of the pump housing from the pump will occur during operation of is eccentric to that of the rotor, and the cylinthe pump when the pump recess and rotor are 40 drical recess 2| is arranged in off-set or eccentric in concentric relation as shown in Fig. 2 by rea-. relation to the axis of rotation of the pump housson of the revolving or. travelling vanes l9 set ing, so that on rotation of the housing the cylinting up a back pressure in the feed line 26, but it drical wall of the chamber 22 may be advanced or is manifest ,that in event the rotor ll is brought retracted relative to the periphery of the rotor to a stop at a point where open communication 45 i! to and from a position in'which the annular is afforded between the inlet opening 23 and the. walls of the recess and the rotor are in concentric side opening 24 a flow of fluid through the pump relation to each other, as shown in Fig. 2. To would be occasioned where the source of fluid this end the axis of the cylindrical recess and Supply would be such that gravity flow through 6 that of the rotor are arranged in correspondingthe pump might occur. In order-to avoid such ly spaced or oil-set relation to the axis of the gravity flow when the pump is stationary the; pump housing. The ends of the intake slot supply conduit 26 is fitted with a conventional and discharge slots 23 and 24 respectively are cut-oi! valve C the stem of which is fitted with so arranged relative to each other and to the an electric switch D which is so arranged relative radial vanes I! that, when the pump recess 22 to the valve C and is so connected in the circuit 55 and the rotor are in concentric relation as shown supplying current to the motor B that when the in Fig. 2, rotation of the rotor will effect no valve C is closed to cut oi! the supply of liquid pumping action, and such that on progressively through the conduit 26, the switch D will open shifting the pump housing to bring the side wall and cut off the current to the motor, thereby i oi the pump chamber into contact with the rotor stopping the pump. (it the output of the pump will be varied in in- The operation of the invention is apparent creasing volume .irom minimum to maximum acfrom the foregoing, it being seen that on rotacording to the'extent of eccentricity or the pump tion of the worm wheel 8 the pump rotor ll will recess relative to the rotor. be revolved such as to cause the vanes It to As a means for enabling adjustment of the effect a pumping action in a fashion common pump housing for an indicated pre-determined in rotary pumps of the vane type, and that by volumetric discharge, the cap 30 is provided with varying the extent of eccentricity of the pump a graduated scale 32 and a handle 3| is provided recess 22 relative to the pump rotor while the with an indicating pointer 33. so associated and pump is in operation the output of the pump arranged relative to the scale 32 as to designate may be varied accordingly from nothing to maxlmum. I

Among the more important applications of a pump of the nature herein described is that of the control of the actual fuel volume and/or pressure in conventional fuel systems now used p 2,206,884 in automotive, marineand iaero-nautical enginm,

either those consuming gasoline or the so-called Diesel oil; this application being of particular value where a direct fuel injection system is used as contrasted to the standard carburetion system.

The pump herein set forth also serves to afford an accurate dependable means of metering anti-knock fluid or other liquid into the main fuel line, carburetor or chamber, in order to vary the operating characteristics of the fuel to the operating condition of the engine; a specific application being theinjection of anti-knock fluid in aircraft engines when operating at high manifold-pressure and for induction into the main fuel supply line in heavy duty motor-coach and transport equipment under certain operating conditions.

A still further application of my invention would be for the control of fuel pressure in certain types of engines whereby the economy of operation is greatly improved by maintaining the minimum practicable fuel pressure. The application-of this type of pump to ordinary motor equipment by insertion of a control connected directly to the throttle lever or equivalent, would provide varying operating characteristics as required to obtain maximum performance in the particular range under consideration. The value of the foregoing applications when used in aircraft work is particularly important inasmuch as not only increased operating economy is effected, but also an increase in payload would automatically be made possible thereby. A still further application of this type of pump is in the combination and mixing of various liquids in varying amounts as required for commercial application which are now often sold by mere metering jets or similar devices in flow meters which are subject to considerable variation in operating conditions.

' While Ikhave shown anddescribed-ispecific e bodiments of my invention I do not limit myself to the exact details of construction set forth, and the invention embraces such changes, modifications and equivalents of the parts and their formation and arrangement as come within the purview of the appended claim.

- I claim:

In a pump, a casing having a pair of chambers, a septum separating said chambers, an impeller shaft leading through and journalled in said septum, a driven shaft in one of said chambers affixed to said impeller shaft, a cylindrical pump housing revolubly mounted in the other of said chambers formed with a recess having a cylindrical side wall, said-pump housing seating on said septum with the recess presented thereto, a cap on said casing overlying said pump housing, an adjustment stem on said pump housing projecting axially thereof through said cap adapted to be turned to vary the position of said pump housing around its axis in said casing, a cylindrical rotor in said recess formed unitarily with said impeller shaft and having a series of radial slots leading inwardly from the periphery of the rotor and interconnecting with each other at their inner ends, a vane slidably carried in each of said slots extending between the axis of the rotor and the inner periphery of the recess with its outer end slidably contacting the inner periphery of the recess; the side wall of said recess being formed with elongated circumferentially extending 'openings in opposed portions thereof, and said casing being formed with inlet and outlet passages with which said openings communicate; and said recessbeing eccentric'ally positioned in said housing relative to the axis thereof whereby on rotation of said housing eccentricity of the recess relative to the rotor therein will be varied to vary the pump delivery.

PAUL W. ADLER. 

